Crime and Criminal Typology Independent Role Toward Tourism Support and the Intervening Position of Emotional Solidarity with Tourists

Nazirullah 1, Ahmad Puad Mat Som 2,

Huthayfah Madkhali 3, & Ahmad Alshuqaiqi 4

https://doi.org/10.62271/pjc.16.4.927.941

Abstract

The The study explains the mediating relationship of emotional solidarity between crime, criminal typology, and tourism support among North-West tourist destinations of Swat, Pakistan. Crime has elevated among different tourist destinations, and community individuals do not support tourists visiting them. Crime rates are likely to have an adverse reputational impact on tourists’ tourism support and diminish the inclination of tourists to return. A quantitative research approach was used, and (n=398) respondents were consulted randomly through a questionnaire. Statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS V-21) and structural equation modeling (SEM-AMOS V-21) were used to analyze the data. The predictive result revealed that crime significantly decreases emotional solidarity and tourism support. For instance, criminal typology also has an inverse relationship with emotional solidarity and tourism support. Emotional solidarity has a negative intervening effect between crime, criminal typology, and tourism support. The study puts forward a conclusion to policymakers that criminal activities and crime can decrease emotional solidarity and tourism support in different destinations. The research suggested that crime should be overcome to sustain visitor intentions, and that community should support tourists.

Keywords: Crime, criminal typology, emotional solidarity, and tourism support